PMS vs PMDD: What’s the Difference?

Most women are familiar with PMS (premenstrual syndrome) the mood swings, bloating, cravings, and cramps that hit before your period. But for some, these symptoms go beyond “typical” PMS and cross into something more intense: PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder).

Let’s break it down.

What is PMS?

PMS is the physical and emotional changes many women feel in the luteal phase (the week or two before menstruation). Symptoms vary but usually include:

• Mood swings or irritability

• Breast tenderness

• Bloating

• Food cravings

• Headaches or fatigue

While uncomfortable, PMS usually eases once your period begins.

What is PMDD?

PMDD is a severe form of PMS that significantly impacts mental health and daily life. It’s recognised as a mental health condition. Symptoms may include:

• Extreme mood swings

• Intense irritability or anger

• Severe depression or anxiety

• Feeling out of control

• Sleep issues

• Physical symptoms (similar to PMS but often more intense)

Women with PMDD often describe it as “a dark cloud that takes over every month.” Unlike PMS, PMDD isn’t just inconvenient, it can disrupt relationships, work, and overall quality of life.

PMS vs PMDD: The Key Difference

• PMS = mild to moderate, manageable symptoms.

• PMDD = severe, life-disrupting symptoms (especially emotional and psychological).

Think of PMDD as PMS amplified, not just moodiness, but debilitating mental health struggles tied directly to your cycle.

What Can Help?

For PMS:

• Exercise, hydration, balanced nutrition

• Stress management and sleep

• Supplements like magnesium or B vitamins

For PMDD:

• Professional support (doctor, therapist, or gynecologist)

• Possible treatments: antidepressants (SSRIs), birth control, or hormonal therapies

• Lifestyle support: tracking your cycle, nutrition, mindfulness, and movement

The Bottom Line

If your symptoms feel manageable, you’re likely dealing with PMS.
If they feel overwhelming and unmanageable, it may be PMDD and you don’t have to face it alone. Reaching out for support is the first step to taking back control of your cycle.